The paired kidneys are located between the twelfth thoracic and third lumbar vertebrae , one on each side of the vertebral column. The right kidney usually is slightly lower than the left because the liver displaces it downward. The kidneys, protected by the lower ribs, lie in shallow depressions against the posterior abdominal wall and behind the parietal peritoneum. This means they are retroperitoneal. Each kidney is held in place by connective tissue , called renal fascia , and is surrounded by a thick layer of adipose tissue , called perirenal fat, which helps to protect it.
A tough, fibrous , connective tissue renal capsule closely envelopes each kidney and provides support for the soft tissue that is inside. In the adult, each kidney is approximately 3 cm thick, 6 cm wide, and 12 cm long. It is roughly bean-shaped with an indentation, called the hilum , on the medial side. The hilum leads to a large cavity , called the renal sinus , within the kidney.
The ureter and renal vein leave the kidney, and the renal artery enters the kidney at the hilum. Fever may indicate a serious infection. Call your healthcare provider right away if you develop a fever. Was this helpful? Yes No Tell us more. Check all that apply. Wrong topic—not what I was looking for. It was hard to understand. It didn't answer any of my questions.
I still don't know what to do next. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions. Patient Education. Understanding Kidney Stones Your kidneys are bean-shaped organs. What are kidney stones?
Why kidney stones form Kidneys form stones for many reasons. Toggle navigation. Institutional subscriptions support Language. Keep me signed in. Forgot your password? Sign in with Facebook.
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