Why does Nestor invite Telemachus to the feast before knowing his identity? Why does Calypso allow Odysseus to leave her island? Why does Odysseus sleep with Circe? Why does Odysseus travel to Hades? Why does Odysseus fail to reveal his identity to Penelope when they are first reunited? Does Penelope really intend to marry one of her suitors? How do Odysseus and Telemachus defeat the suitors? Characters Character List. Odysseus The protagonist of The Odyssey.
Read an in-depth analysis of Odysseus. Read an in-depth analysis of Telemachus. Penelope Wife of Odysseus and mother of Telemachus. Read an in-depth analysis of Penelope. Athena Daughter of Zeus and goddess of wisdom, purposeful battle, and the womanly arts.
Read an in-depth analysis of Athena. Calypso The beautiful nymph who falls in love with Odysseus when he lands on her island-home of Ogygia. Read an in-depth analysis of Calypso. Read an in-depth analysis of Circe. Poseidon God of the sea. Zeus King of gods and men, who mediates the disputes of the gods on Mount Olympus.
Eurymachus A manipulative, deceitful suitor. Eumaeus The loyal shepherd who, along with the cowherd Philoetius, helps Odysseus reclaim his throne after his return to Ithaca. Eurycleia The aged and loyal servant who nursed Odysseus and Telemachus when they were babies. Melanthius The brother of Melantho. Polyphemus One of the Cyclops uncivilized one-eyed giants whose island Odysseus comes to soon after leaving Troy. Tiresias A Theban prophet who inhabits the underworld. Nestor King of Pylos and a former warrior in the Trojan War.
Helen Wife of Menelaus and queen of Sparta. Alcinous King of the Phaeacians, who offers Odysseus hospitality in his island kingdom of Scheria. Arete Queen of the Phaeacians, wife of Alcinous, and mother of Nausicaa.
Next section Odysseus. Nestor tells Telemachus the story of how Agamemnon was slain by his wife Clytemnestra's seductor following the Trojan War. Clearly a cautionary tale. This reference stands out since it is one of the few times a character in Ulysses mentions a character in The Odyssey. One further quality shared by Nestor and Deasy is a fixation on cows and bulls. Deasy is trying to prevent the death of Irish cattle, on the other hand.
He tasks Stephen with delivering a letter to the Evening Standard regarding a cure for foot and mouth disease , currently ravaging the Irish herds. Ireland is needlessly sacrificing its cattle and economy to a curable disease, and Mr. In the end, both Telemachus and Stephen leave their wise man unenlightened on their journey. For Telemachus, it is just one step on a longer journey, but for Stephen there are deeper implications.
The mythical wiseman Nestor is transformed into Mr. Deasy, convinced of his own authority while Stephen parries his strokes of so-called wisdom at every turn. Deasy is a parody of true wisdom and authority - a conservative master overseeing a school of well-to-do young boys. Deasy sees himself as a paternal role model for the wayward youth, but Stephen knows he must continue his journey further afield.
Burgess, A. New York: W. Gifford, D. Ulysses annotated: Notes for James Joyce's Ulysses. Berkeley: University of California Press. They believed that an elder man knew more, and here, the Achaians listen to the wisdom that old Nestor has gained through age.
Consequently, Nestor's tales and advice serve to challenge younger men to live up to heroic ideals that he himself upheld in the past. Nestor challenges the Achaians to fight Hektor by saying to them that if he were younger, he would fight Hektor.
To prove his former prowess, he tells the story of his fight with Ereuthalion in the Pylian war, a circumstance similar to the present war. The tale prompts nine warriors to "stand forth" to fight Hektor. Here, again, the wisdom of Nestor is useful in that he has the men draw lots. The disorder caused by Hektor's challenge has become ordered through Nestor's example.
Nestor's stories always have a purpose, and the story he tells Patroklos is intended to bring Achilles back into the war. It is a story of disorder brought about by Herakles and restored by Nestor's efforts.
The tale points out that the Achaians need a leader and that Achilles should return to battle to save the Achaians. While Nestor is unsuccessful in bringing Achilles back into the war, he convinces Patroklos that Achilles' Myrmidon troops are necessary for the Achaians' success. However, Homer uses Nestor as more than a counselor, and he uses Nestor's tales as more than a means to encourage the warriors to action. Nestor's tales enrich the epic with stories of the past that connect the past to the present and reveal a continuity of Greek life and hence Greek literature.
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